Telephoning to ask for an application form for a job.
Maxim of relevance- communication, doesn’t go off topic
Not as direct,
Positive face, ‘I was just wondering..’ and politeness, ‘please’ ‘thank you’
Non-fluency features- ‘um’ fillers, hesitation, nervous.
Agreement- ‘yeah, sure’
Paralinguistic features- nervous laughter
Adjacency pairs and preferred responses.
Direct address terms by name.
Telephoning a friend to arrange to go out together.
Rising intonation- “hello?”
Informal register
Non-fluency features- pauses, fillers suggests nervous
Voiced pauses
Adjacency pairs
Elision- “wanna”
Maxim of quantity flouted- short utterances, awkward
Phatic talk
Discourse marker
Asking a stranger to give you directions.
Positive face needs-Stranger is being polite
Paralinguistic features
Preferred response-Stranger answers by giving directions
Adjacency pairs
Quality Maxim-Stranger gives true directions
Informal register-“Mate”
Dialect-Bristolian-“Cribbs”
Direct-“Oi mate”
Stranger adapts his language to the drivers language
Giving directions to someone who does not understand English well.
Maxim of quantity.
Direct- One word utterance.
Deixis- Paralinguistic features.
Rising intonation to signify question
Fillers/pauses-stilted- corrupt Grice’s Maxims.
Explaining to a police officer why you were doing 45 mph in a 30 mph zone.
Formal register – police officer has authority, influential power
Non-fluency features – hedges and pauses
Implied that the police officer is not charging him
‘So’ is a discourse marker
‘Sir’ appropriate address terms
Avoiding eye contact – paralinguistic features
Telling a parent that you are pregnant (you’re not married or in a stable relationship) or that your girlfriend is pregnant.
Address terms – ‘darling’ to ‘young lady’
Phatic talk – adjacency pairs, preferred response, avoids intended conversation
Non-fluency features – hesitations, fillers, pauses, reluctant to speak
Paralinguistic features – nervous laughter
Interruption – dispreferred response
Grice’s maxim of quantity – parent talks a lot more than the daughter
Grice’s maxim of manner – flouted by mother who asks a series of questions, interrogative syntax
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